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Bedwetting (Enuresis)

What is bedwetting (enuresis)? Enuresis is involuntary bedwetting during sleep in a child under 5 years old. It is a common condition that affects 10% of children aged over 7 years old. This can be quite stressful for both children and their families and can sometimes be associated with daytime...

Neck lumps in children

What is it? It is very common for children to develop lumps in their necks. The most common cause is enlarged lymph nodes following an upper respiratory tract infection. Occasionally a single large and tender lymph node can be due to a bacterial infection and require antibiotics. Long standing lumps...

Heart murmur in children

What is a heart murmur? A heart murmur is when the blood flowing through the heart makes an extra noise. Normal heart sounds make a "lubb-dubb" noise as blood flows through the heart. Most heart murmurs in children and will disappear with time. In some cases, heart murmurs are caused...

Inguinal hernia (Lumps or swelling in children)

What is an inguinal hernia (lump or swelling in children)? An inguinal hernia is a lump that occurs in the groin. Lumps in the groin area in children have many causes. The most common is an inguinal hernia which tend to affect boys more often than girls. Other causes in...

Torticollis

What is torticollis? Torticollis is a when the neck muscles spasm and the neck twists to the side. It is usually due to shortening of a muscle in the neck. It can happen to babies, children and adults.  In babies, it can happen while the baby is growing in the...

Misshapen or flat head (Plagiocephaly)

What is plagiocephaly (misshapen or flat head)? Plagiocephaly (misshapen or flat head) is when a baby has an uneven or flat spot on their head. A newborns skull bones are soft, thin and flexible. It is normal and most of the time it will correct itself as the baby grows....

Undescended Testes

What are undescended testes? Undescended testes is when a testicle hasn't moved into the bag of skin below the penis (the scrotum) before birth. This can happen on one or both sides. In most cases it does not need treatment. The testicle will usually move down during the first 6...

Penis and foreskin in children

What is it? The foreskin is the loose skin at the head of the penis. The foreskin usually won’t pull back at all at birth. By age 15, most boys should be able to pull back their foreskin. Pulling back the foreskin stops urine from building up under the foreskin...

Umbilical Hernia

What is an umbilical hernia? An umbilical hernia is a lump under the belly button. You might find it after the baby is born or the umbilical cord has fallen off. They are easier to see when the baby cries, strains or coughs. They don't often cause problems and go...

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What is ADHD in children? Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common developmental disorder that affects how people behave. Children with ADHD may not be able to sit still. They may fidget, cut others off and act on impulse. They may find it hard to focus, finish tasks and follow orders....

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