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便秘

What is constipation? Constipation is when you find it hard to empty your bowel (have a bowel movement). It will often be diagnosed when you have fewer than 2 bowel movements in a week. For adults, it is often due to not moving enough, not drinking enough water, and not...

矽肺病

What is silicosis? Silica is a common mineral which can be found in bricks, tiles and concrete. Silica can become a fine dust when these materials are being worked on. Some workers may breathe in some of this dust without knowing it. Silica dust can cause scarring and stiffening of...

轻度认知障碍

What is mild cognitive impairment? Mild cognitive impairment is memory loss that is not a normal part of ageing. It affects up to 20% of people aged 65 years or older. You may notice your mind isn’t as sharp as it used to be. People who are close to you...

尿失禁

What is urinary incontinence? Urinary incontinence is the involuntary or accidental leakage of urine. This affects 30% to 50% of women and up to 30% of men. Pregnancy, childbirth, are common causes for women and enlarged prostates for men. For both men and women, incontinence becomes more common with age....

舟状骨骨折

What is a scaphoid fracture? A scaphoid fracture is a break in one of the bones in your wrist. They usually happen if you’ve had a fall onto your outstretched hand. Sometimes, wrist fractures are not really painful. However, if you have a scaphoid fracture, you need treatment. Correct diagnosis...

短暂性脑缺血发作 (TIA)

What is a transient ischaemic attack (TIA)? A Transient Ischaemic Attack, also known as a TIA, is a minor stroke. It occurs when blood supply to the brain is blocked for a short time. TIAs are caused by a blood clot or blockage which dissolves or dislodges on its own....

脚趾甲内长

What is an ingrown toenail? Ingrown toenails occur when your toenail grows into the skin of the toe. They are most common in young adults and often occur in the big toe, though they can impact any toe. Ingrown toenails can be painful and affect your daily life. They may...

急性肾脏损伤

What is acute kidney injury? Acute kidney injury is a form of kidney damage that occurs quickly, over a few hours to a few days. It affects kidney function, making it hard for the kidneys to filter waste from the blood. Common signs include swelling, going to the toilet less...

寨卡病毒

What is zika virus? Zika is a virus that spreads through infected mosquito bites. It can also be sexually transmitted. In most cases, Zika is mild. But it can be dangerous for pregnant women. A pregnant woman with Zika can pass the virus to her baby which may cause birth...

狂犬病和蝙蝠溶血病毒

What is rabies and bat lyssavirus? Rabies and Australian bat lyssavirus are viruses that spread through bites or scratches from infected animals. These viruses cause a disease called rabies. Rabies affects the central nervous system and is fatal. It causes paralysis, delirium, convulsions and death.  The rabies virus does not...

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