What is melanoma?
Melanoma is a serious form of skin cancer. Australia has the highest rate of melanoma in the world. Melanoma is more common in men. It is often found on the trunk in men and legs in women.
Melanoma sometimes looks like a brown spot or mole. It begins in cells called melanocytes, found in the upper layer of the skin. When melanocytes get damaged by UV radiation from the sun or tanning beds, they can mutate, grow out of control and spread to other organs. Melanoma can spread quickly if not found early. That’s why regular skin checks are essential for all Australians.
Melanoma can begin as a new spot or in an existing spot. Different types of melanoma have different characteristics. Your GP or skin specialist can help you learn more about how to identify melanoma and your risk level. Treatment depends on the type of cancer, whether it has spread and your overall health. Treatment options include surgery, targeted therapies, chemotherapy and radiation.
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Be SunSmart
For the best protection, use all five SunSmart steps:
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- Slip on covering clothing
- Slop on SPF 30 (or higher) broad-spectrum, water-resistant sunscreen
- Slap on a hat
- Seek shade
- Slide on some sunglasses
What will my GP do now if I have melanoma?
Your GP may help you learn more about melanoma and the treatment options. They may provide advice about what to do now and where you can find support.
Your GP may perform skin checks. This may include taking photos of spots or moles to see if they change over time. If a spot or mole changes, your GP may refer you to a specialist for more tests and treatment. Treatment depends on the stage of the cancer, its size and if it has spread. If you need treatment, you will be managed by a healthcare team. Your GP will play a key role in your care and health check-ups.
What will my GP do in the future if I have melanoma?
Your GP may check in with you often to see how you’re going. They may stay up-to-date with your progress and help manage your future care plan. After your treatment program, your GP may contact you to keep an eye on your symptoms and make sure you are feeling better.
They may talk to you about:
- How to prevent skin cancer from coming back
- How to check your skin for signs of skin cancer
- Family member risk
What questions could I ask my doctor?
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How do I know if the cancer has spread?
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Are my family members at risk?
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What are my treatment options?
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Will I need surgery?
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What activities should I avoid?
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How often should I see you for a follow-up?
What can I do?
Talk to your GP about how often you should have check-ups after your treatment. Follow your GP’s advice about how to care for your skin and
protect it from sun damage. Living a healthy lifestyle helps you to stay strong during your treatment:
- Eat a healthy diet
- Keep your blood pressure within the normal range
- Limit drinking and quit smoking
- Maintain a healthy weight
- Get eight hours of sleep each night
- Reduce stress
- Have regular check-ups with your GP
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Important: This information is to be viewed by someone who has received a diagnosis from their doctor. It is not designed to be used to diagnose a condition or as a substitute for ongoing medical care.
Health Resource Directory factsheets are endorsed by South Western Sydney PHN’s Community Advisory Committee and local GPs
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