What is a family risk of breast or ovarian cancer?
Around 5 percent of breast cancers and 15 percent of ovarian cancers are due to a family link. This means the person with cancer has a gene mutation from a blood relative. A mutation is a change or fault in the DNA of a gene. The gene mutations that increase the risk of breast and ovarian cancers are BRCA1 or BRCA2.
如果你的血亲有这两种基因中的一种，你将有二分之一的机率会有这种突变。如果你有这两种基因中的一种，你会比没有这些基因的人有更高的癌症风险。但有这两种基因的一种并不意味着你就会得癌症。基因检测可以帮助你了解你的任何血亲是否有基因突变。家庭医生可以与你讨论如何检测及检查癌症症状。
What will my GP do now if I have a family risk of breast or ovarian cancer?
家庭医生可能会与你讨论基因检测，如果是由专科医生安排，可能会由Medicare支付。 如果出现以下情况，家庭医生可能会将你转介至癌症服务机构以获得更多建议：
- You have an intermediate or high risk
- Someone in your family has a known gene mutation
家庭医生还可能讨论癌症筛查以及帮助预防癌症的已知方法，例如：
- 每天运动
- 健康饮食 – 减少脂肪，多吃水果和蔬菜，避免或限制饮酒
- 戒烟
What will my GP do in the future if I have a family risk of breast or ovarian cancer?
Your GP may see you each year to check your health and see if there are any changes to your risk factors. If you have a significantly increased risk, they may refer you to a family cancer clinic or specialist to further discuss your options.
